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In theory, it should be possible to produce a beam of atoms with a single precise frequency, in which all the atoms march in step.
In 1997, Wolfgang Ketterle and colleagues at MIT in the US, created the first atom laser by cooling a group of atoms to such an extent that their wave-like states overlap ? a so-called "Bose Einstein Condensate". The team then used a magnetic field to extract atoms, creating a beam of atoms with the same wavelength.
The problem is that, once these atoms are extracted, gravity makes them accelerate, changing their wavelength. "One of the problems is that you don't have a well-defined wavelength and that is annoying," says Alain Aspect, the physicist who led the development of the new laser at the Charles Fabry Laboratory at the Institute of Optics in Paris, France...
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