Biology Cheat Sheet

Essay text:

Excretion-metabolic wastes are eliminated by the body Reabsorption-process by which water in the body are returned to the blood return glucose salt 99% of water occurs in renal tubule Filtration-urea and other wawstes from the blood in the kidneys occurs in renal corpuscle Secretion-removal of certain substances such as drugs h+ from the blood occurs in serial tubule by active transport Urinary system-made up of kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra; Kidneys-filter the blood and remove wastes from it; control level of sodium ions which helps control osmotic pressure of blood; also regulate pH of blood by filtering hydrogen ions and letting bicarbonate to be reabsorbed into lood Diabetes-excess levels of glucose in the blood Ureter-tube connecting kidney to urnary bladder Urinary bladder-smooth muscle bag that stores a solution of wastes Nephron-unit of the kidney; 1 mil; filtering unit; blood entering a nephron has wasts from body cells and when it enters its under high pressure and flows into glomerlus; because of pressure water glucose vitamins amino acids protein waste products salts and ions from the blood pass out of the capillaries into the Bowman's capsule Bowman's capsule-U shaped tubule where water ions and glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed into the blood stream Glomerlus-bed of capillaries Urine-liquid that remains in tubules made of water, waste molecules, excess ions; 2L a day Urethra-urine passes out the body through this tube Waste products-nitrogenous wastes from breakdown of proteins; include ammonia and urea